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buenas,<br>
<br>
esta noticia es muy interesante y no ha salido en la prensa. creo
que deberíamos hacer difusión de ella... ahora entiendo porque ayer
los EUA acusaron a Pakistán de estado terrorista ¿terrorista por no
dejar que el FMI siga manejando tu economía, no?<br>
<br>
si alguien puede traducirlo del inglés lo podríamos difundir
mejor... ¿alguien se anima?<br>
<br>
dani<br>
<br>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<div dir="ltr">
<br>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNoSpacing"><span
style="FONT-SIZE: 26pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;
mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><font face="Calibri">Why
Pakistan says adieu to IMF program?<!--?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /--><o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 22.5pt;
mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1" class="MsoNoSpacing"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 14pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span
style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New
Roman'"> </span></span></span><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE:
14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font face="Calibri">Existing $11.3 billion
Stand By Agreement (SBA) is 8<sup>th</sup> program with
IMF, going to be ended on a bitter note<o:p></o:p></font></span></b></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 22.5pt;
mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1" class="MsoNoSpacing"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; FONT-SIZE: 14pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span
style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New
Roman'"> </span></span></span><font face="Calibri"><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE:
14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Having
kept the IMF at arm’s length for over a year now is
anything but good news </span></b><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE:
14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNoSpacing"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><o:p><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNoSpacing"><i
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3">By Syed
Abdul Khaliq<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></i></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class="MsoNoSpacing"><i
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3">22
September 2011<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></i></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font size="3">The government of Pakistan has
taken the latest decision to say ‘adieu’ to the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) program at least for the
time being, after the existing $11.3 billion Stand By
Arrangement (SBA) program, is to be ended on 30 September
2011.This is the 8<sup>th</sup> SBA program with the IMF to
conclude on an unsuccessful note, since 1950 when Pakistan
joined the Fund. Out of these eight programs six were
contracted with democratic governments.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font size="3">Soon after coming into power the
current PPP government had secured $11.3 billion IMF program
in November 2008 and got disbursements of about $7.6
billion, but since May 2010 the program was suspended when
IMF refused to release the remaining $3.7 billion due to
non-compliance of the strict criteria, set under the Stand
By Agreement. However, the agreement was extended for nine
months until 30<sup>th</sup> September 2011, but
disbursements were not resumed owing continuous stand-off
between IMF and government of Pakistan. The situation leads
Pakistan to ultimately say good bye to the program. The
Minister of Finance, Abdul Hafeez Sheikh, in a statement,
made it clear on 17 September 2011.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font
face="Calibri">The discontinuation of the program with the
IMF has been some time in the making as Pakistan is cut off
from IMF and World Bank funding since May 2010.But having
kept the IMF at arm’s length for over a year now is anything
but good news. However, the widespread belief is that the
government wanted to get rid of the IMF imposed conditions,
not because of any radical shift in its economic policy, but
in the run up to the next general elections, scheduled to be
held early 2013. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font
face="Calibri">Out of the 11 main conditions imposed by the
IMF, three major include; holding down the fiscal deficit,
imposition of value added tax and slashing subsidies in
power sector. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Any
government ready to succumb to these conditions have little
chance to maintain popularity. So, free of those
constraints, the government can now pursue pro-people steps
like holding down electricity tariffs and suppressing the
fuel prices. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font size="3">The decision to abandon the
existing IMF program is a welcome step, however, given the
fact it seems for the time being and politically motivated
decision. That means no conscious effort to disengage with
IMF and provide durable relief to the people. Pertinent to
mention is that the previous government had also given up
the IMF program prematurely to just to win elections. It
seems the current government is also toeing the same line
ahead of elections. This is clear evidence that though
governments agree to IMF conditions during their tenures,
however, in run up to elections they can’t afford the heavy
cost of the IMF “friendship”. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font size="3">The discontinuation with IMF
program will have obvious implications on the prospects of
obtaining funding from other multilateral institutions such
as the World Bank and Asian Development Bank. Pakistan would
have to repay $1.2 billion to the IMF as principal and
interest payments in two installments but the country’s
foreign currency reserves might decline in the range of $500
million to a maximum $2 billion compared to the existing
level of over $17.5 billion.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><font size="3">However, the government in the
long run have no option but to continue power sector
reforms, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>macroeconomic
adjustment and stabilization program to maintain credibility
to return to the IMF program with ease in case of any
difficulty with external account. If that does happen, what
will come next is almost inevitable: Pakistan will be forced
back into the arms of the IMF. And the next time the IMF is
likely to be more stringent. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><font size="3"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #231f20;
mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin"></span></font> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><font size="3"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #231f20;
mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">So debt
scenario of Pakistan is getting bad to worse. </span><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif';
mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">The public
debt has soared by a whopping Rs.120 billion just between
July 1, 2011 to-date in the wake of depreciation of Pak
currency. The country’s public debt has risen to 11
trillion, which includes foreign debt of Rs.4500 billion ($
60 billion) and domestic debt of Rs. 6500 billion. The
country</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:
Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin"> is paying $ 3
billion at average every year under debt servicing to
foreign creditors. However, for FY-2010 the debt servicing
target is much higher of $ 5. 46billion and ratio will
further shoot up in 2014, when rescheduled loans will be
back in action, amassing the external debt burden to $ 75
billion.</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;
mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><font
face="Calibri">On the other hand, the international credit
ranking of Pakistan is also fast decreasing mainly because
of multiple implications of the country’s involvement in
US-led war on terrorism. A recent study by the IMF found
that twenty-eight of the poorest nations are now at high
risk of debt crisis. Pakistan is ranked number 5 in
“cumulative probability of default” (CPD) report. In the
situation Pakistan’s economic ailments are getting complex
and neo-liberal economic remedies are not going to work. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><font
face="Calibri">While still suffering from the economic pain
inflicted by the last year’s super floods, Pakistan once
again hit by the fresh wave of floods this year as well. The
major reason of these floods is the overflowing of water
from Left Bank Outfall Drainage (LBOD)- a World Bank funded
faulty project. Over 8 million people are affected this time
in the Province of Sindh. Lakhs are shelter less, foodless
and without medicines. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>It
is not less than shame and violation of Fundamental Human
Rights that IMF and other creditors continue to push
government for debt servicing, while millions crying for
basic needs. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="COLOR:
#231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;
mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><font face="Calibri">IMF
programs with Pakistan – loaded with political motivations<o:p></o:p></font></span></b></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin"><o:p><font face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">Pakistan joined IMF in 1950.The first time
government of Pakistan went for a loan from IMF was in 1958.
It was a Stand By Agreement worth US $ 25 million. However,
the loan was cancelled soon after. It was a period of
political upheavals in Pakistan and our first dictator,
Field Marshal Ayub Khan was about to take over. However, in
1960s, during Ayub regime, IMF happily gave two packages;
standby agreement in 1965, 1968, to ease the dear dictator.
When second dictator Gen Yahya placed in, IMF continued
showering its financial blessing over him and made four more
SBA agreements in 70s doling away US $ 330 million. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">However, with the first popularly elected
democratic government of ZA Bhutto coming to power, IMF
behavior towards democratic government became cooler and it
almost deleted Pakistan from the favorite list on account of<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Bhutto’s socialist
agenda.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>That was
why Bhutto had to tell the Fund to “go to hell, we do not
want your money”.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">However, in 1979, with the toppling of ZA
Bhutto’s democratically elected government at the hands of
third and most cruel dictator Gen. Zia ul Haq, the nature
and extent of IMF involvement drastically changed and it
extended lavish package for the dear dictator. Statistics
show that in 20 years (1958-1979) Pakistan had collective
IMF packages of worth US $ 460 million. However, in Nov
1980, it extended a huge amount of US $ 1.27 Billion to Gen
Zia regime through long-term Extended Fund Facility (EFF).
The amount was three times the entire amount lent through 7
SBAs packages in 20 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span><o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">It is interesting to note that after the
passage of decade of eighties (Zia period) there was major
change in the character of IMF packages for the late 80s and
90s, when Pakistan had successive stints of democratic
governments of PPP and PML. Now, once again more complex and
tough conditions were being attached to loans offered to
Pakistan. The number of conditions attached to structural
adjustment loan, for Benazir Government (1988-91), was
increased from average 27 in 1985 to 56 in 1989. The
conditions attached to 1988 IMF package were the most severe
in the history of IMF-Pakistan interaction. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in
0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" class="MsoNormal"><span
style="COLOR: #231f20; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">The IMF’s strict and anti-people financial
prescriptions continued throughout the 90s. But with the<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>sudden entry of yet
another dictator, Gen Musharraf in 1999, coupled with 9/11
incident in 2001, IMF ceased its harsh attitude once again
and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>as usual
softened its behavior towards Pakistan’s new dictator. The
moment Musharraf regime agreed to be part of US-led war on
terrorism, IMF indicated easing out its position on the
concessional Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF).<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>It is pertinent to
mention that prospects of PRGF package for Pakistan were
quite dismal till a week before 9/11. <o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">However, IMF swiftly changed its position
after 9/11 and quickly agreed to support Gen. Musharraf by
extending financial support under much needed PRGF.<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Thus it is evident
from the above mentioned fact that sudden and positive
change in IMF attitude towards Pakistan was the result of
political understanding between Gen. Musharraf and US
administration, and not in line with the ethics of
multilateral lending.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><font
face="Calibri">ENDs<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;
mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri"><o:p><font
face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p><br>
<br>
Abdul Khaliq Shah<br>
Focal Person,<br>
Campaign for Abolition <br>
of Third World Debt (CADTM)-Pakistan<br>
web: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.cadtm-pakistan.org/" target="_blank">www.cadtm-pakistan.org</a><br>
E.mail: cadtm.pakistan@gmail<br>
Cell: +92 321 9402325<br>
: +92 307 5557268 <br>
<br>
<br>
</p>
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